法句經 第二十二：地獄品 多譯本對讀(段層次) Dhammapada (Dhp.) 22. Nirayavaggo

22. Niraya vaggo.

22. Nirayavaggo

二十二：地獄品

三０六　說妄語者墮地獄，或已作言『我無作』。此二惡業者死後，他世同受（地獄）苦。 [MettFn22-01]

第廿二：地獄品

第二十二品－－地獄品

說妄語的人墮地獄，造作惡業卻說：「我沒有作！」的人，會下地獄。這兩種人來世同樣受地獄苦。 (偈 306)

1. 法句經：妄語地獄近，作之言不作，二罪後俱受，是行自牽往T4,570a
2. 出曜經：妄語地獄近，作之言不作，二罪後俱受，是行自牽往T4,663c
3. 法集：妄語入地獄，作之言不作，二罪後俱受，是行自牽去T4,781b

Chapter 22 Woeful State

LIARS SUFFER

306. The speaker of untruth goes to a woeful state, and also he who, having done aught, says, "I did not". Both after death become equal, men of base actions in the other world.

Dhp XXII Hell

306. The liar goes to the state of woe; also he who, having done (wrong), says, "I did not do it." Men of base actions both, on departing they share the same destiny in the other world.

Dhp XXII Hell

306

He goes to hell,
the one who asserts
what didn't take place,
as does the one
who, having done,
says, 'I didn't.'
Both — low-acting people —
there become equal:
after death, in the world beyond.

Chapter 22 The Abyss

Chapter XXII: The Downward Course

306 He who says what is not, goes to hell; he also who, having done a thing, says I have not done it. After death both are equal, they are men with evil deeds in the next world.

Chapter 22: The Hell

1. 法句經：法衣在其身，為惡不自禁，苟沒惡行者，終則墮地獄T4,570a
2. 法句經：袈裟披肩，為惡不損，惡惡行者，斯墮惡道T4,572b
3. 法句譬喻經：袈裟披肩，為惡不損，惡惡行者，斯墮惡道T4,604b
4. 出曜經：袈裟被肩，為惡不捐，惡惡行者，斯墮惡道T4,679b
5. 法集：袈裟在肩披，為惡不捐棄，常念行惡者，斯則墮惡道T4,782c

CORRUPT MONKS SUFFER

307. Many with a yellow robe on their necks are of evil disposition and uncontrolled. Evil-doers on account of their evil deeds are born in a woeful state.

307-308

An ochre robe tied 'round their necks,
many with evil qualities
 — unrestrained, evil —
rearise, because of their evil acts,
  in hell.

Better to eat an iron ball
 — glowing, aflame —
than that, unprincipled &
  unrestrained,
you should eat the alms of the country.

1. 法句經：無戒受供養，理豈不自損，死噉燒鐵丸，然熱劇火炭T4,570a
2. 法句經：寧噉燒石，吞飲洋銅，不以無戒，食人信施T4,571c
3. 出曜經：寧噉燒鐵，吞飲洋銅，不以無戒，食人信施T4,668a
4. 法集：寧吞熱鐵丸，渴飲洋銅汁，不以無戒身，食人信施物T4,781c

BE NOT IMMORAL

308. Better to swallow a red-hot iron ball (which would consume one) like a flame of fire, than to be an immoral and uncontrolled person feeding on the alms offered by people.

307-308

An ochre robe tied 'round their necks,
many with evil qualities
 — unrestrained, evil —
rearise, because of their evil acts,
  in hell.

Better to eat an iron ball
 — glowing, aflame —
than that, unprincipled &
  unrestrained,
you should eat the alms of the country.

1. 法句經：放逸有四事，好犯他人婦，臥險非福利，毀三淫泆四T4,570a
2. 出曜經：放逸有四事，好犯他人婦，危嶮非福利，毀三婬妷四T4,640b
3. 法集：放逸有四事，好犯他人婦，初獄二尠福，毀三睡眠四T4,779a

ADULTERY IS EVIL

309. Four misfortunes befall a careless man who commits adultery: acquisition of demerit, disturbed sleep, thirdly blame, and fourthly a state of woe.

309-310

Four things befall the heedless man
who lies down with the wife of another:
a wealth of demerit;
a lack of good sleep;
third, censure;
fourth, hell.

A wealth of demerit, an evil destination,
& the brief delight of a
  fearful man with a
  fearful woman,
& the king inflicts a harsh punishment.
  So
no man should lie down
with the wife of another.

1. 法句經：不福利墮惡，畏惡畏樂寡，王法重罰加，身死入地獄T4,570a
2. 出曜經：不福利墮惡，畏而畏樂寡，王法重罪加，制意離他妻T4,641a
3. 法集：無福利墮惡，畏而畏樂寡，王法加重罪，身死入地獄T4,779a

310. There is acquisition of demerit as well as evil destiny. Brief is the joy of the frightened man and woman. The King imposes a heavy punishment. Hence no man should frequent another's wife.

309-310

Four things befall the heedless man
who lies down with the wife of another:
a wealth of demerit;
a lack of good sleep;
third, censure;
fourth, hell.

A wealth of demerit, an evil destination,
& the brief delight of a
  fearful man with a
  fearful woman,
& the king inflicts a harsh punishment.
  So
no man should lie down
with the wife of another.

如果錯抓孤沙草 [dhp-a-311-note] ，手會受傷，同理，比丘若造作邪行，也會趣向地獄。 (偈 311)

懈惰，犯戒，修梵行時卻心生懷疑的人，都得不到大善報。 (偈 312)

應當作的事就盡力、堅定地作。放蕩的比丘，徒然增長欲望的塵垢。 (偈 313)

1. 法句經：譬如拔菅草，執緩則傷手，學戒不禁制，獄錄乃自賊T4,570a
2. 出曜經：譬如執菅草，執緩則傷手，沙門不禁制，獄錄乃自賊T4,678c
3. 法集：譬如執利劍，執緩則傷手，沙門不禁制，地獄縛牽引T4,782c

CORRUPT LIVES ENTAIL SUFFERING   A LIFE OF DUBIOUS HOLINESS IS NOT COMMENDABLE   WHAT IS PROPER SHOULD BE DONE WITH ONE'S WHOLE MIGHT

311. Just as kusa grass, wrongly grasped, cuts the hand, even so the monkhood wrongly handled drags one to a woeful state.

311-314

Just as sharp-bladed grass,
if wrongly held,
wounds the very hand that holds it —
the contemplative life, if wrongly grasped,
drags you down to hell.

Any slack act,
or defiled observance,
or fraudulent life of chastity
bears no great fruit.

If something's to be done,
then work at it firmly,
for a slack going-forth
kicks up all the more dust.

It's better to leave a misdeed
  undone.
A misdeed burns you afterward.
Better that a good deed be done
that, after you've done it,
won't make you burn.

如果錯抓孤沙草 [dhp-a-311-note] ，手會受傷，同理，比丘若造作邪行，也會趣向地獄。 (偈 311)

懈惰，犯戒，修梵行時卻心生懷疑的人，都得不到大善報。 (偈 312)

應當作的事就盡力、堅定地作。放蕩的比丘，徒然增長欲望的塵垢。 (偈 313)

1. 法句經：人行為慢惰，不能除眾勞，梵行有玷缺，終不受大福T4,570a
2. 法句經：行懈緩者，勞意弗除，非淨梵行，焉致大寶T4,572b
3. 出曜經：夫行舒緩，善之與惡，梵行不淨，不獲大果T4,678b
4. 出曜經：行懈緩者，勞意弗除，非淨梵行，焉致大寶T4,767a
5. 法集：習行懈緩者，勞意勿除之，非淨則梵行，焉致大財寶T4,797a

312. Any loose act, any corrupt practice, a life of dubious [NāradaFn22-01] holiness - none of these is of much fruit.

311-314

Just as sharp-bladed grass,
if wrongly held,
wounds the very hand that holds it —
the contemplative life, if wrongly grasped,
drags you down to hell.

Any slack act,
or defiled observance,
or fraudulent life of chastity
bears no great fruit.

If something's to be done,
then work at it firmly,
for a slack going-forth
kicks up all the more dust.

It's better to leave a misdeed
  undone.
A misdeed burns you afterward.
Better that a good deed be done
that, after you've done it,
won't make you burn.

如果錯抓孤沙草 [dhp-a-311-note] ，手會受傷，同理，比丘若造作邪行，也會趣向地獄。 (偈 311)

懈惰，犯戒，修梵行時卻心生懷疑的人，都得不到大善報。 (偈 312)

應當作的事就盡力、堅定地作。放蕩的比丘，徒然增長欲望的塵垢。 (偈 313)

1. 法句經：常行所當行，自持必令強，遠離諸外道，莫習為塵垢T4,570a
2. 出曜經：智者立行，精勤果獲，行人執緩，轉更增塵T4,678b

313. If aught should be done, let one do it. Let one promote it steadily, for slack asceticism scatters dust all the more.

311-314

Just as sharp-bladed grass,
if wrongly held,
wounds the very hand that holds it —
the contemplative life, if wrongly grasped,
drags you down to hell.

Any slack act,
or defiled observance,
or fraudulent life of chastity
bears no great fruit.

If something's to be done,
then work at it firmly,
for a slack going-forth
kicks up all the more dust.

It's better to leave a misdeed
  undone.
A misdeed burns you afterward.
Better that a good deed be done
that, after you've done it,
won't make you burn.

1. 法句經：為所不當為，然後致欝毒，行善常吉順，所適無悔恡T4,570a
2. 出曜經：非造非無造，前憂後亦然，造者為善妙，以作不懷憂T4,751b
3. 法集：非造非無造，前憂後亦憂，造者為善妙，以作不懷憂T4,793c

DON'T DO EVEN A SLIGHT WRONG

314. An evil deed is better not done: a misdeed torments one hereafter. Better it is to do a good deed, after doing which one does not grieve.

311-314

Just as sharp-bladed grass,
if wrongly held,
wounds the very hand that holds it —
the contemplative life, if wrongly grasped,
drags you down to hell.

Any slack act,
or defiled observance,
or fraudulent life of chastity
bears no great fruit.

If something's to be done,
then work at it firmly,
for a slack going-forth
kicks up all the more dust.

It's better to leave a misdeed
  undone.
A misdeed burns you afterward.
Better that a good deed be done
that, after you've done it,
won't make you burn.

1. 法句經：如備邊城，中外牢固，自守其心，非法不生，行缺致憂，令墮地獄T4,570b
2. 出曜經：猶如防邊城，內外悉牢固，當自防護，時不再遇，時過生憂，墜墮地獄T4,652b
3. 法集：猶如防邊城，內外悉牢固，當自善防護，後剎那虛悔，時過則生憂，須臾墮地獄T4,780a

GUARD YOURSELF LIKE A FORTIFIED CITY

315. Like a border city, guarded within and without, so guard yourself. Do not let slip this opportunity, [NāradaFn22-02] for they who let slip the opportunity grieve when born in a woeful state.

315

Like a frontier fortress,
guarded inside & out,
  guard yourself.
Don't let the moment pass by.
Those for whom the moment is past
grieve, consigned to hell.

對不該羞恥的事感到羞恥，該羞恥的事卻不知羞恥，懷有此等邪見的人，墮落地獄。 (偈 316)

對不應恐怖的事心懷恐怖，該恐怖的事卻不知恐怖，懷有此等邪見的人，墮落地獄。 (偈 317)

1. 法句經：可羞不羞，非羞反羞，生為邪見，死墮地獄。T4,570b
2. 出曜經：不羞反羞，羞反不羞，不畏現畏，畏現不畏，生為邪見，死入地獄T4,702c
3. 法集：不羞而反羞，反羞而不羞，不畏而現畏，畏現而不畏，生為人邪見，死定入地獄T4,785a

BE MODEST WHERE MODESTY IS NEEDED   HAVE NO FEAR IN THE NON-FEARSOME

316. Beings who are ashamed of what is not shameful, and are not ashamed of what is shameful, embrace wrong views and go to a woeful state.

316-319

Ashamed of what's not shameful,
not ashamed of what is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Seeing danger where there is none,
& no danger where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Imagining error where there is none,
and seeing no error where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

But knowing error as error,
and non-error as non-,
beings adopting right views
  go to a good
  destination.

對不該羞恥的事感到羞恥，該羞恥的事卻不知羞恥，懷有此等邪見的人，墮落地獄。 (偈 316)

對不應恐怖的事心懷恐怖，該恐怖的事卻不知恐怖，懷有此等邪見的人，墮落地獄。 (偈 317)

1. 法句經：可畏不畏，非畏反畏，信向邪見，死墮地獄T4,570b [NandFn22-01]
2. 出曜經：不畏現畏，畏現不畏，生為邪見，死入地獄T4,702c
3. 法集：不畏而現畏，畏現而不畏，生為人邪見，死定入地獄T4,785a

317. Beings who see fear in what is not to be feared, and see no fear in the fearsome, embrace false views and go to a woeful state.

316-319

Ashamed of what's not shameful,
not ashamed of what is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Seeing danger where there is none,
& no danger where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Imagining error where there is none,
and seeing no error where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

But knowing error as error,
and non-error as non-,
beings adopting right views
  go to a good
  destination.

邪見視為正見，正見視為邪見，懷有此種邪見的人，墮落地獄。 (偈 318)

錯就是錯，對就是對，心懷正見的人，趣向善趣。 (偈 319)

1. 法句經：可避不避，可就不就，翫習邪見，死墮地獄T4,570b

SEE NO WRONG IN WHAT IS NOT WRONG   SEE WRONG AS WRONG AND RIGHT AS RIGHT

318. Beings who imagine faults in the faultless, [NāradaFn22-04] and perceive no wrong in what is wrong, embrace false views and go to a woeful state.

316-319

Ashamed of what's not shameful,
not ashamed of what is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Seeing danger where there is none,
& no danger where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Imagining error where there is none,
and seeing no error where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

But knowing error as error,
and non-error as non-,
beings adopting right views
  go to a good
  destination.

Nirayavaggo dvāvīsatimo.

Nirayavaggo dvāvīsatimo niṭṭhito.

三一九　過失知過失，無過知無過，懷此正見者，眾生趨善趣。 [MettFn22-11]

地獄品第二十二竟

地獄品第廿二完畢

邪見視為正見，正見視為邪見，懷有此種邪見的人，墮落地獄。 (偈 318)

錯就是錯，對就是對，心懷正見的人，趣向善趣。 (偈 319)

1. 法句經：可近則近，可遠則遠，恒守正見，死墮善道T4,570b

319. Beings knowing wrong as wrong and what is right as right, embrace right views and go to a blissful state.

316-319

Ashamed of what's not shameful,
not ashamed of what is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Seeing danger where there is none,
& no danger where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

Imagining error where there is none,
and seeing no error where there is,
beings adopting wrong views
go to a bad destination.

But knowing error as error,
and non-error as non-,
beings adopting right views
  go to a good
  destination.