namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

皈敬世尊、阿羅漢、正等正覺者


Dhammapada 法句經(第十:刀杖品)


第十:刀杖品(DANDAVAGGO)(The Punishment)
偈 頌 次 了參 法師 譯 敬法 法師 譯 英譯
129 一切懼刀杖,一切皆畏死,以自度(他情),莫殺教他殺。 一切眾生都害怕刑罰,都害怕死亡。推己及人,人們不應殺害他人,或唆使他人殺害生命。 Everybody trembles at punishment; everybody fears death. Having made the comparison with oneself, let one not kill, nor cause another to kill.
130 一切懼刀杖,一切皆愛生,以自度(他情),莫殺教他殺。 一切眾生都害怕刑罰,都愛惜自己的生命。推己及人,人們不應殺害他人,或唆使他人殺害生命。 Everybody trembles at punishment; life is dear to everybody. Having made the comparison with oneself, let one not kill, nor cause another to kill.

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132

於求樂有情,刀杖加惱害,但求自己樂,後世樂難得。

於求樂有情,不加刀杖害,欲求自己樂,後世樂可得。

傷害他人以求己樂者,來世不得安樂。

不傷害他人以求己樂者,來世得享安樂。

Who hurts with a stick beings that desire happiness, searching for happiness himself, he will not reach happiness after death.

Who does not hurt with a stick beings that desire happiness, searching for happiness himself, he will reach happiness after death.

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134

對人莫說粗惡語,汝所說者還說汝。憤怒之言實堪痛;互擊刀杖可傷汝。

汝若自默然,如一破銅鑼,已得涅槃路;於汝無諍故。

莫向任何人粗言惡語,受辱罵者將會反擊。憤怒之言的確是苦因,換來的只是痛擊。

若你能保持沉默平靜,像一隻破裂之鼓不再聲響,你肯定會證悟涅槃,不再存有憤怒。

Do not say anything harsh, those spoken to might reply to that. Angry talk is painful, retribution might be attached to it.

If you yourself do not vibrate, just like a broken gong, then you have reached Nirvana. Anger does not exist for you.

135 如牧人以杖,驅牛至牧場,如是老與死.驅逐眾生命。 如同牧牛者以棍棒驅趕牛群至牧場,老與死亦在驅逐著眾生的壽命。 Just like a cowherd drives cows to pasture with a stick, so old age and death drive the life of living beings.
136 愚夫造作諸惡業,卻不自知(有果報),癡人以自業感苦,宛如以火而自燒。 愚人造惡時不知其惡,然而他卻因自己的惡業而受苦,如同被火焚燒的人。 A fool does not realize when he is committing bad deeds. The stupid person is tormented by his own deeds just as if burned by fire.

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140

若以刀杖害,無惡無害者,十事中一種,彼將迅速得。

極苦痛失財,身體被損害,或重病所逼,或失心狂亂。

或為王迫害,或被誣重罪,或眷屬離散,或破滅財產。

或彼之房屋,為劫火焚燒。癡者身亡後,復墮於地獄。

若人以棍棒傷害無害、不當受到傷害的人,他會很快就遭受到以下十種惡果之一:

他會遭受到劇痛,或不幸,或身體傷殘,或重病,或發瘋,或因國王發怒而遭殃,或被誣陷,或失去親人,或財產破毀,或家被火燒毀。該愚人死後將會墮入地獄。

Who offends with a stick somebody who is uncorrupted and without violence, he will quickly go to one of the ten states:

He would get harsh pain, loss of property, and bodily injury, serious illness, or derangement of mind.

Or a trouble from the king, and cruel accusations, or loss of relatives, or destruction of wealth.

Or then a blazing fire will burn his houses. And after death this fool will be reborn in hell.

141 非裸行結髮,非塗泥絕食,臥地自塵身,非以蹲踞(住),不斷疑惑者,能令得清淨。 不是裸行,不是結,不是以泥塗身,不是睡在露天之下,不是以灰塵塗身,也不是蹲著勤修能夠清淨還未破除疑惑的人。 Not wandering around naked, not matted hair, not mud on the body, not fasting, nor lying on the bare ground, dust and sweat, sitting on one's heels - nothing can purify a mortal who has not overcome his doubts.
142 嚴身住寂靜,調御而克制,必然修梵行,不以刀杖等,加害諸有情,彼即婆羅門,彼即是沙門,彼即是比丘。 雖有莊嚴其身,若他是平靜的、脫離了煩惱、制伏了諸根、擁有道智、完全清淨及捨棄了對一切眾生的瞋恨,那麼,他的確是婆羅門,是沙門,是比丘。(註:在此,婆羅門、沙門與比丘都是指阿羅漢。) Even if one would walk around like an adorned man, [but he would be] peaceful, self-controlled, restrained and pure, having given up punishing of all living beings, he is a Brahmin, he is a recluse, he is a monk.

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144

以慚自禁者,世間所罕有,彼善避羞辱,如良馬避鞭。

如良馬加鞭,當奮勉懺悔。以信戒精進,以及三摩地,善分別正法,以及明行足,汝當念勿忘,消滅無窮苦。

在這世上,由於羞於為惡而自制者是稀有的,他保持警覺及不造令人指責之事,如良馬不會作出受到鞭打的導因。

如良馬受到鞭策,人們應精進及對生死輪迴感到悚懼。以信、戒、精進、定、抉擇法、具足明行與正念來解脫這無量之苦。(註:dhammavincchayena「抉擇法」是指karanakarana jananam「辨明諸法之因與非因」。)

In this world, does there exist a person restrained by conscience, who avoids blame, like a good horse avoids a whip?

Be like a good horse when touched by a whip - strenuous and anxious. By faith, virtue, effort and concentration, by investigation of truth, by having knowledge and conduct, by being mindful abandon this big suffering.

145 灌溉者引水,箭匠之矯箭,木匠之繩木,善行者自御。 治水者疏導水,矢師矯正箭,木匠修飾木,善行者制伏自己。 Irrigators lead water. Arrow-makers bend arrow-shaft. Carpenters bend wood. Virtuous ones master themselves.

備註:英譯可參考 "佛學數位圖書館暨博物館"中 巴利語教學 經文選讀 (英)


巴利文經典最突出的特點,同時也是缺乏同情心的讀者最感厭倦的特點,就是單字、語句和整段文節的重複。這一部分是文法或至少是文體所產生的結果。 …,…,…,

…,…,…, 這種文句冗長的特性,另外還有一個原因,那就是在長時期中三藏經典只以口授相傳。 …,…,…,

…,…,…, 巴利文經典令人生厭的機械性的重覆敘述,也可能一部分是由於僧伽羅人(Sinhalese)不願遺失外國傳教師傳授給他們的聖語 …,…,…,

…,…,…, 重覆敘述不僅是說教記錄的特點,而且也是說教本身的特點。我們持有的版本,無疑地是把一段自由說教壓縮成為編有號碼的段落和重覆敘述的產品。佛陀所說的話一定比這些生硬的表格更為活潑柔軟得多。

(節錄自: 巴利系佛教史綱 第六章 聖典 二 摘錄 )